三维SHPB装置设计及原理研究

针对一维SHPB实验设备无法进行三维预应力不等值情况下的冲击实验问题,在确保中国矿业大学(北京)原有一维SHPB实验装置中动力发射系统及子弹不改变的前提下,设计了可以进行对试件进行三维施压的正方形输入杆、输出杆、吸收杆及输入杆中与子弹接触部位由圆变方的过渡杆装置,采用应力波基础理论分析和数值模拟的方法,得到了过渡杆中的应力波传播规律,研究结果表明:应力波在圆变方扩散杆中传播时,由于强度吸收现象,过渡杆越长,波幅下降的程度就越低,当长度达到500 mm时,应力波在其中的弥散现象已经很小,能够满足整个实验系统的准度要求.      

两次不同类型降水中GPS水汽特征对比分析

通过对2008年7月14-15日的稳定性区域暴雨天气过程以及2008年6月25-26日的对流性强降水中GPS水汽体现出的特征进行分析,结果表明：GPS水汽在稳定性降水中对实际预报具有较好的指示性能,可以用来区分潮湿气团与干燥气团.当大气达到高湿条件,可降水量增长到顶点,即预示未来4-5h会有降水出现;当可降水量（PWV）≥50 mm的持续时间越长,实况降水量越大.在6月25-26日的雷暴降水中,受中小尺度天气系统影响,PWV曲线起伏剧烈,局地性特征明显,但与降水量级以及降水起止时间并无明显联系,对未来降水预报所起意义不大.     

Synthesis of Ta C and Ta_2C from tantalum and graphite in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell

The pressure dependence of the onset of the formation of Ta C and Ta2 C from the elements has been investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction and pyrometry.Ta C has been synthesized by the reaction of Ta and graphite at pressures between 8.6 and 14.3 GPa and at temperatures up to 2,300 K using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Ta and graphite begin to react around 1,100 K at ambient pressure conditions, and the reaction temperature increases with increasing pressure. A linear extrapolation of these data is consistent with recent observations of the formation of Ta C at 90 GPa and 3,600 K. We show that diffusion of carbon into tantalum significantly changes the lattice parameter of up to 2 % in the pressure range of up to19 GPa. In some experiments, Ta2 C was formed concomitantly. The experimentally determined bulk modulus of Ta2 C is B0;exp：= 286（5） GPa. Other tantalum carbide phases were not observed.     

Structural phase transition and metallization in compressed SrC_2

The structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of compressed Sr C2 were systematically investigated up to 200 GPa by using ab initio method. Three new phases are obtained by means of evolutionary algorithm. The confirmed most stable structure has C2/c symmetry at zero pressure, which transforms into an orthorhombic Cmcm phase at 4.5 GPa, followed by another orthorhombic Immm phase, which is stabilized at wide pressure range of 21.5–123.5 GPa, and then transformed into Mg B2-type phase（space group, P6/mmm）. Although Sr C2 has similar structural transformation to that of compressed Ca C2, Sr C2 holds small electron–phonon coupling,which leads to its low superconducting critical temperature（only 1.8 K）.     

Compression behavior of Sm）2Ti2O7-pyrochlore up to 50 GPa：single-crystal X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at pressures up to 50 GPa has been employed to study the compression behavior of Sm2Ti2O7-pyrochlore. In contrast to earlier reports, we observed no pressure-induced amorphization or pressure-induced anion disorder up to 50 GPa. The experimental study has been complemented by density functional theory-based calculations. A combination of the theoretical and experimental data yields a bulk modulus of 185 GPa, significantly higher than a value which had been reported earlier. In comparison to earlier work, the current study provides more reliable data due to the use of neon as a pressure medium, which provides a more hydrostatic pressure than the aluminum, which had been employed as a pressure medium in the earlier studies. An analysis of the compressibility of Al2B2O7 pyrochlores shows an approximately linear dependence of the bulk modulus on the unit cell volume.     

Microstructure and oxidation resistance of SiC–MoSi2 multi-phase coating for SiC coated C/C composites

In order to improve the anti-oxidation of C/C composites, a SiC–MoSi2multi-phase coating for SiC coated carbon/carbon composites(C/C)was prepared by low pressure chemical vapor deposition(LPCVD) using methyltrichlorosilane(MTS) as precursor, combined with slurry painting from MoSi2 powder. The phase composition and morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) methods, and the deposition mechanism was discussed. The isothermal oxidation and thermal shock resistance were investigated in a furnace containing air environment at 1500 1C. The results show that the as-prepared SiC–MoSi2coating consists of MoSi2 particles as a dispersing phase and CVD–SiC as a continuous phase. The weight loss of the coated samples is 1.51% after oxidation at 1500 1C for 90 h, and 4.79% after 30 thermal cycles between 1500 1C and room temperature. The penetrable cracks and cavities in the coating served as the diffusion channel of oxygen, resulted in the oxidation of C/C composites, and led to the weight loss in oxidation.     

油井下用光纤温度压力传感器

研制了一种基于光纤F-P腔与光纤Bragg光栅的温度压力传感器,用于监测油井下的压力和温度。该传感器通过F-P腔腔长的变化监测油井下压力,通过光纤Bragg光栅反射波长的变化监测油井下温度。传感器测压范围0~69 MPa,实验测试和标定结果表明,传感器的压力响应与F-P腔腔长呈良好线性关系,线性拟合度为0.999 999;传感器测温范围5~175℃,温度精度±1℃。实际应用证明,该传感器可实时在线监测井下压力和温度状况,运行正常。     

二甲醚装置运行问题的原因分析及其解决措施

本文提出了贵州天福化工有限责任公司二甲醚装置运行中出现的问题,对其进行分析,提出解决问题的措施,并取得了较好的效果。     

上饶地区水资源利用与经济增长实证分析

为查明上饶地区水资源利用、经济增长与水环境压力的关系,以水足迹法和＂脱钩、复钩＂理论对上饶地区水资源利用、经济增长与水环境压力的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明：上饶地区从2003-2011年,平均水足迹为134.35亿m3,总体呈缓慢上升趋势,农业用水、工业用水为主要耗水部门;在水资源消耗量增加的同时,水资源利用效率也在不断提高,9年间增加了3.36倍;水资源压力远远小于1,水资源自给率值为1.124,说明上饶水资源丰富,属富水区。经济增长与水资源消耗的评价结果中多数年份为强＂脱钩＂状态,经济增长与水环境压力的评价结果中多数呈弱＂脱钩＂状态,说明上饶市的经济发展依赖于水资源的消耗,但经济增长是在恰当利用水资源情况下的增长。     

密肋复合墙板在粮食平房仓中应用的可行性分析

密肋复合墙板结构是一种节能、抗震的建筑结构新体系,根据国家墙体材料革新规划,结合目前粮食仓房建筑新型墙体材料研究欠缺的特点,提出将密肋复合墙板结构引入粮仓建筑,对密肋复合墙板的粮食侧压承载力及变形等进行了计算,并将密肋复合墙体与普通黏土实心砖墙体的受力性能进行了对比,就密肋复合墙板在平房仓应用的可行性进行分析论证,分析表明密肋复合板结构应用于粮仓建筑是可行的.